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People, Books

Mani Shankar Aiyar: A Maverick Politician Who Redefined Indian Politics

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In the dynamic world of Indian politics, Mani Shankar Aiyar stands out as a figure of deep conviction, whose journey through the tumultuous realm of electoral battles and political discourse is both compelling and controversial. While often perceived as an unconventional politician, Aiyar’s career showcases the complexities and challenges of being a politician driven by ideals rather than mere power. His political journey, filled with electoral wins and losses, remains a testament to his resilience, commitment to public good, and unyielding pursuit of his political vision.

Aiyar’s path to politics wasn’t born out of ambition for personal gain but a genuine desire to contribute to the greater good. Unlike many of his peers, Aiyar’s entry into politics was shaped by a deep sense of responsibility and a conviction to serve the public. His initial foray into politics took place in the early stages of his life, and over the years, he fought various elections — not just for personal ambition but to bring about changes in the political landscape.

Aiyar’s electoral battles in Mayiladuthurai offer a stark reflection of his political philosophy. His victories and defeats in the region are symbolic of his determination and his focus on ideas rather than following the traditional political route of merely seeking power. His success in winning these elections wasn’t solely because of the support of influential political icons like Jayalalithaa and M.K. Karunanidhi but because of his established voter base. This base, built on ideas and principles, set him apart as a politician with a unique identity in a sea of traditional political figures.

Mani Shankar Aiyar’s Vision of India

One of the central tenets of Aiyar’s political philosophy revolves around Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI), secularism, and fostering better relations with neighboring countries, particularly Pakistan. Aiyar’s commitment to these causes reflects a deep understanding of governance that goes beyond mere political survival. His ideology of secularism, in particular, has been a cornerstone of his beliefs, making him a vocal advocate of inclusivity and pluralism.

Aiyar’s brand of secularism stands in stark contrast to the more traditional, often divisive, forms of politics seen in India. He refers to himself as a “secular fundamentalist,” a term that might raise eyebrows, but for Aiyar, it signifies his unwavering commitment to the idea of a secular India. In an anecdote shared in his writings, Aiyar reflects on a conversation with Rahul Gandhi, in which the two discussed their differing views on secularism. While Aiyar was firm in his stance on secularism, Gandhi, influenced by his own deep interest in Hindu philosophy and mythology, struggled to reconcile their differences.

This dialogue exemplifies the tensions that Aiyar often navigated in his political journey — a man who remained steadfast to his ideals even in the face of party politics and evolving power dynamics. His views on secularism, though not always in alignment with his party, stand as a bold testament to his character, showing that Aiyar’s political ideology was shaped by a deep-seated belief in equality and non-discrimination.

A Maverick in Politics : 1991–2024

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    A Maverick in the Political Arena

    Despite being labeled by some as a “non-politician,” Aiyar’s electoral success and relentless pursuit of his ideas have cemented his place as a formidable figure in Indian politics. His candidacy in the Lok Sabha elections and his subsequent victories, particularly in Mayiladuthurai, challenge the conventional notion of what it means to be a politician. Unlike many who climb the political ladder by aligning with power brokers and following party lines, Aiyar’s approach to politics was deeply personal and rooted in the belief that political success must be linked to ideas that serve the public good.

    Aiyar’s association with political figures such as Mamata Banerjee and his time in the All India Trinamool Congress reveals another layer of his political persona. While his time in the party was relatively short-lived, it offers valuable insight into the inner workings of Indian politics. During this period, Aiyar claims he had the authority from Banerjee to offer the Prime Ministership to a deserving candidate if the political situation in the country deteriorated. However, in a candid moment, he reflects on a conversation with a political figure who, despite his optimism, expressed doubt about India ever accepting a Sikh Prime Minister. Aiyar’s recounting of this exchange underscores the complexities and biases that persist within the political landscape of India, which often affect the choices made by its political leaders.

    Aiyar’s political journey is also marked by moments of vulnerability and human error — instances that give insight into his personal struggles and moments of growth. One such instance is his public faux pas when he wished Sonia Gandhi a Merry Christmas, only to be gently reminded that she was not a Christian. In another revealing anecdote, Aiyar recalls bowing before Atal Behari Vajpayee, a moment that garnered disapproval from Sonia Gandhi, leading to a curious exchange with Rahul Gandhi. These moments, often tinged with humor and humility, provide a glimpse into Aiyar’s character — a man unafraid to make mistakes and learn from them.

    This authenticity, along with his unapologetic commitment to his beliefs, has endeared him to some and made him a polarizing figure to others. Nevertheless, it is clear that Aiyar’s political career cannot be defined by any single moment or misstep. His contributions to Indian politics, particularly in the areas of governance, secularism, and international relations, stand as a lasting testament to his vision for a more inclusive India.

    Legacy of Manishankar Aiyar

    Perhaps one of the most striking aspects of Aiyar’s career is his approach to power. Throughout his time in politics, Aiyar never seemed to be motivated by the allure of high office. In fact, his political career has often been characterized by his detachment from power. Even when political opportunities came his way, such as his time in the Rajya Sabha and his brief association with Mamata Banerjee, Aiyar remained committed to his ideals rather than seeking personal advancement.

    This detachment from power has not only set Aiyar apart from many of his contemporaries but also made him an outlier in a political system where power often trumps principles. His political ideology, his commitment to secularism, and his vision for India have always been more important to him than any position of authority or title.

    Looking back at his political career, Aiyar’s legacy will likely be defined not by his electoral victories or defeats but by the ideas he championed and the resilience he showed in pursuing them. From his strong advocacy for Panchayati Raj and secularism to his calls for better relations with Pakistan, Aiyar’s political journey has been one of unwavering dedication to principles that transcended party lines and political opportunism.

    In a political environment often dominated by short-term gains and electoral calculations, Aiyar’s focus on long-term values and ideals sets him apart. His story is one of a man who, despite the odds, continued to fight for what he believed was best for the people of India. Whether or not history will fully recognize his contributions remains to be seen, but there is no doubt that Aiyar has left an indelible mark on Indian politics.

    Mani Shankar Aiyar’s career offers a fascinating insight into the complexities of Indian politics. His commitment to his ideals, particularly in the areas of secularism, governance, and international relations, distinguishes him from many of his peers. Though his political journey was marked by both victories and setbacks, it is clear that Aiyar’s impact on the political landscape goes far beyond electoral results. His story serves as a reminder that, in the world of politics, true commitment to ideas and principles is what ultimately defines a leader. Mani Shankar Aiyar’s legacy will likely endure as a symbol of resilience, intellectual rigor, and unwavering dedication to public service.

    Books

    British Novelist David Lodge Passes Away at 89

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    David Lodge, the renowned British novelist, literary critic, and academic, passed away peacefully on January 1, 2025, at the age of 89. The news was confirmed by his publishers, Penguin Random House, who expressed profound sadness at the loss of a literary giant. Lodge’s death marks the end of an era for modern literature, as he leaves behind a legacy of iconic works that have shaped contemporary fiction and literary criticism.

    Legacy of David Lodge

    David Lodge’s writing career was marked by a distinctive style that blended wit, satire, and profound insight. His campus novels, including “Small World” and “Nice Work”, earned widespread acclaim, with both works being shortlisted for the prestigious Booker Prize. Through these novels, Lodge masterfully satirized academic life, delving into themes of Roman Catholicism, love, and human relationships.

    Among his other celebrated works, “Changing Places” and “The British Museum is Falling Down” stand out as masterpieces that have become classics of contemporary literature. Lodge’s ability to infuse humor with deep social commentary has ensured his place in the pantheon of great English comic writers.

    Lodge’s novels were not just entertaining but also intellectually stimulating. They often explored: The human condition through the lens of academia. The tension between faith and modernity, reflecting his own Roman Catholic upbringing. The complexities of relationships, showcasing his profound understanding of human emotions. This unique blend of themes resonated with readers worldwide, making his works timeless.

    Before gaining fame as a novelist, David Lodge was an accomplished academic. He joined the University of Birmingham’s English department in 1960 and served there until 1987, eventually becoming a Professor of English Literature in 1976. Even after his retirement, Lodge maintained a close association with the university as an Emeritus Professor.

    Lodge’s academic background deeply influenced his critical works, including: “The Art of Fiction”: A comprehensive guide to understanding the nuances of storytelling. “Consciousness and the Novel”: An exploration of the intersection between literature and human consciousness. These works not only enriched the field of literary criticism but also provided valuable insights for aspiring writers and scholars.

    David Lodge’s contributions to literature did not go unnoticed. Among his many accolades: He was appointed a Chevalier de l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres in 1997, a prestigious French honor recognizing his impact on literature. In 1998, he was made a Commander of the British Empire (CBE) for his services to literature. Although he never won the Booker Prize, Lodge was often described as one of its “most notable unwinners”. His enduring popularity and critical acclaim solidified his reputation as one of Britain’s best-loved comic writers.

    A Legacy That Will Endure

    David Lodge’s passing has elicited an outpouring of tributes from his family, colleagues, and fans. His publisher, Liz Foley, described him as a “true gentleman” and praised his ability to blend social commentary with humor and meditations on mortality. Long-time editor Geoff Mulligan fondly remembered their editorial sessions as both enlightening and entertaining.

    Fans have taken to social media to express their sorrow and share their favorite quotes and moments from Lodge’s works. Many highlighted how his novels brought laughter and deep reflection into their lives.

    David Lodge’s passing marks a profound loss for the literary world. His novels, with their sharp wit and deep exploration of human nature, will continue to inspire readers and writers for generations. Lodge’s legacy is one of brilliance, humor, and a profound understanding of life’s complexities. As the literary community mourns his loss, his works stand as a testament to his genius and enduring impact.

    Books

    Rushdie’s Satanic Verses is Back on Indian Bookshelves

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    For the first time in 36 years, Salman Rushdie’s controversial novel The Satanic Verses has been made available for purchase in India. The historic move comes after a Delhi High Court decision questioned the validity of the ban initially imposed in 1988.

    The Delhi High Court’s ruling highlighted procedural lapses in the original government ban, effectively empowering Indian publishers. Legal experts in the country have expressed confusion due to the lack of precedent for such a case. Nevertheless, the court’s decision has opened a path for The Satanic Verses to re-enter the Indian market.

    The Indian government, led by then-Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, banned the import of “The Satanic Verses” on October 5, 1988. The decision came after strong protests from various Islamic groups who were outraged by the book’s content, which they believed insulted Islam and the Prophet Muhammad. The ban was seen as a move to prevent communal violence and maintain public order in a country with a significant Muslim population.

    The novel, inspired by an episode in the life of Prophet Muhammad, sparked global outrage upon its release. It was banned in India following riots and opposition from Islamic groups. Adding to its infamy, Iranian leader Ruhollah Khomeini issued a fatwa against Rushdie, leading to violence against those associated with the book. The controversy included a Japanese translator’s murder, an arson attack in Turkey that claimed 37 lives, and, most recently, a 2022 stabbing attack on Rushdie himself, leaving him with life-altering injuries.

    A Celebrated Yet Controversial Work

    Despite the controversies, The Satanic Verses remains a seminal work in literature, earning accolades such as the Booker Prize. Earlier this year, Rushdie released a memoir titled Knife: Meditations After An Attempted Murder, reflecting on his life under the shadow of threats.

    Bahrisons Booksellers’ announcement of the book’s availability triggered a wave of interest. On social media, the store revealed that copies were “selling out,” while inquiries poured in from potential readers across the country. Manasi Subramaniam, Editor-in-Chief at Penguin Random House India, also celebrated the development, sharing a poignant excerpt from the novel: “Language is courage: the ability to conceive a thought, to speak it, and by doing so to make it true.”

    The reintroduction of The Satanic Verses has reignited debates about freedom of speech and religious sensitivity in India. Several Islamic groups have issued statements condemning the book’s release. The polarizing nature of the novel continues to fuel discussions on the balance between creative expression and societal harmony.

    While Rushdie, who now resides in New York, has not commented on the development, the literary world views this as a victory for free expression. The novel’s return to Indian bookshelves marks a significant cultural and legal milestone, underscoring the enduring relevance of literature in shaping public discourse.